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It was in the 19th century that the machinery ancestors of the forklift was first developed. At this time, small, battery-powered models were invented for the purpose of moving traveler's baggage at the Altoona train station within Pennsylvania. During the First World War, some different types were made within England particularly for use in the material handling business. These equipment evolved as a solution to the lack of manpower at that time.
The modern equivalents come in a range of sizes and configurations. There are the large truck-mounted forklift models which are also known as sod loaders and then the opposite end of the spectrum has small hand truck models. There are also a line of automated versions known as forklift automated guided vehicles which are practically robotic in nature. These models were made as a way of lowering operational costs and to improve production.
A common forklift is able to use a huge range of attachments which are capable of being added for a range of specific functions. The motors can be internal combustion or IC models, working on gasoline, propane or diesel, or there are battery operated options which need regular charging. Typical warehouse models would usually be rated to lift between about 1 and 5 tons.
Fuel cost is the other primary advantage of electric forklifts. These units have less cost per hour compared to any of the other internal combustion or IC models. Among the main disadvantages to utilizing the electric forklifts is their higher initial expense. New electric forklifts can range from 20% to 40 percent more compared to internal combustion models which are similarly rated.
However, electric forklifts provide many advantages like quiet operation. This is a huge plus for indoor operations. Furthermore, no need for fuel storage mean no room has to be allotted for tanks of fuels that are both dangerous and flammable. As electric forklifts have less moving parts compared to internal combustion models, and they are typically utilized indoors and within cleaner settings, they tend to have a longer lifespan overall.
The battery downtime is the biggest downside of an electric forklift. These units function with heavy, large, lead-acid batteries, similar to the ones found inside your car. These batteries are extremely powerful and very large. Usually, batteries provide enough power for one standard 8-hour shift, and this means 5 or 6 hours of nonstop utilization.