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Some industrial and commercial buildings are capable of reaching heights of more than sixty stories. Obviously, when these buildings are being built, they need equally tall cranes to be able to transport the materials to the higher floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the biggest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures found as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction like for example apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being constructed, odds are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
The two major kinds of cranes can be distinguished by the way in which their boom or jib lifts materials. The jib is the metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts items. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from thirty thousand pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast which is composed of separate [parts. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the machinery. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to raise supplies, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor situated near the control module. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when raising heavy supplies.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specific mobile crane that uses hydraulic power to lift and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very important in building major projects like airports, bridges, roads and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes tasks which would normally take many hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
The vast machines are usually utilized in the building of cities, homes, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were probably constructed using basic cranes to allow the heaviest materials in one of the most awesome construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was showcased during King Ramses' reign in Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was utilized to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These devices were used to create an entire country throughout the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they needed something stronger and bigger did these machines develop. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes in the year 1834, within Bolton, England. This machinery could lift as much as 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany started to build cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was made within Neuburg.